1) The world's oldest known living tree is a bristlecone pine named "Methuselah" in California, estimated to be over 4,800 years old.

2) Hindu mythology, deeply rooted in Indian culture, revolves around a pantheon of gods and goddesses, including Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Saraswati, and Lakshmi. These deities represent various aspects of existence and play important roles in Hindu religious traditions and epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana.

3) Democracy is a system of government in which power is vested in the people, who exercise it through elected representatives. It allows for political participation, freedom of speech, and protection of individual rights and liberties.

4) The world's first stock exchange was established in Amsterdam in 1602.